Communication or transfer of information among animals is essential for their survival. Many animals have been studied for their unique and remarkable ways of communication. The bird songs have been heard by everyone; in the stillness of night cricket mating calls are easily audible. The humpback whales have been identified as world’s greatest singers and composers; the monkeys and apes have now been extensively studied for languages. The animals communicate by making gestures or facial expressions and postures for example; a dominant rhesus will walk confidently, sprawl, and carry the tail up. The animals can communicate mating willingness by exhibiting feathers, genitalia, barking, or sniffing each other.
Almost all animals in the animal kingdom communicate through chemicals produced by glands within the body. Hediger (1944) first reported the significance of odour in communication; this specialized communication includes smell or scent and pheromones. Exchange of information through pheromones or through scent is considered a primitive form of communication, because as animals evolved they depended more and more on other elaborate and much specific visual, auditory and vocal forms of communication, still he animals can communicate complicated messages through chemicals, they can mark and identify their territories, pathways, conspecifics, rivals, defeated animals, pups, and sexual partners through them. When chemicals are used for communication among conspecifiecs they are pheromones.
The role of body scent in human sexual behavior has attracted much attention. In 1971 Maclintock maintained notes on the menstrual cycles of 130 girls of a hostel and observed LEE BOOT EFFECT. i.e. synchronization in onset of their menstrual dates, the reason assigned was body smell. It has also been reported that a female living with a male, has relatively shorter menstrual cycle, because of body smell of male has an effect on female’s reproductive physiology.
Study of pheromones has given much information to perfume industry. Some of the popular perfumes contain animal scents!!!!!!!!
4 comments:
How funny human psychology!we wash get rid of smell of human scent and then use animal smell..........? anyway are pheromones usd for communication between or amongst cells of a body or organ?
hi..pheromones are used for communication between cells of body,organs and also between animals.. some animals used to mark the areas of their movement with urine and faeces!!!!!!!! above all pheromones ( chemicals) also used to attract opposite sex...
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Hello, Really educative site. how these chemisignals are detected by body? is it by olefactory system?
helooo.. oh! sure the olfactory lobes very well developed in animal when compare to MAN!!! they recognize by olfaction..it is very strong!!!!
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